A 3-year-old unvaccinated child presents with high fever, dry cough, runny nose and bilateral red watery eyes. Examination reveals small bluish-white spots on the buccal mucosa and a maculopapular rash that began behind the ears before spreading to the trunk. What is the most likely diagnosis?, A. Rubella, B. Measles, C. Chickenpox, D. Scarlet fever, A 4-year-old child develops high fever, cough, coryza and conjunctivitis. Two days later, a maculopapular rash appears on the face and spreads downward to the trunk and limbs. Which organism is the most likely cause?, A. Varicella-zoster virus, B. Rubella virus, C. Measles virus, D. Parvovirus B19, A 3-year-old unvaccinated child presents with fever, cough, runny nose and conjunctivitis. Oral examination reveals small bluish-white spots on an erythematous background, located on the buccal mucosa opposite the molars. What are these lesions called?, A. Aphthous ulcers, B. Koplik spots, C. Forchheimer spots, D. Nagayama spots, Which combination represents the classic prodromal symptoms of measles?, A. Cough, coryza and conjunctivitis, B. Cough, cyanosis and convulsions, C. Coryza, constipation and confusion, D. Conjunctivitis, diarrhea and dysuria, A 3-year-old child develops high fever followed by an erythematous maculopapular rash. Which pattern of rash progression is most characteristic of measles?, A. Legs → trunk → face, B. Trunk → face → arms, C. Face and hairline → trunk → limbs, D. Palms and soles → trunk → face, A 4-year-old unvaccinated child is diagnosed with measles after contact with another child who had fever and rash. What is the principal mode of measles transmission?, A. Fecal–oral transmission, B. Sexual transmission, C. Airborne and respiratory transmission, D. Transmission through mosquito bites, A 3-year-old child presents with high fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots and a descending maculopapular rash. Which investigation is most appropriate to confirm the suspected diagnosis of measles?, A. Blood culture, B. Serum measles-specific IgM and/or RT-PCR, C. Stool culture, D. Widal test, A 3-year-old child arrives at the emergency department with high fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis and a rash that began on the face. Measles is strongly suspected. What is the most appropriate immediate infection-control measure?, A. Place the child in the general pediatric waiting area, B. Initiate airborne isolation immediately, C. Begin intravenous antibiotics, D. Wait for laboratory confirmation before isolation, A 3-year-old child has uncomplicated measles. The child is alert, drinks adequately, has an oxygen saturation of 98% on room air and has no signs of pneumonia or neurological complications. What is the main treatment?, A. Intravenous antibiotics, B. Antifungal therapy, C. Supportive care, D. Long-term corticosteroid therapy, A 3-year-old child is diagnosed with measles. In addition to supportive care, which vitamin is recommended to reduce the risk of severe disease and eye complications?, A. Vitamin B12, B. Vitamin C, C. Vitamin D, D. Vitamin A, A 3-year-old child with measles develops increasing cough, rapid breathing, chest retractions and an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. Which complication is most likely?, A. Pneumonia, B. Appendicitis, C. Nephrotic syndrome, D. Rheumatic fever, A 4-year-old child with measles develops severe headache, repeated vomiting, confusion and generalized seizures. Which complication should be suspected?, A. Acute encephalitis, B. Acute appendicitis, C. Nephrotic syndrome, D. Otitis externa, A 3-year-old child presents with fever and a generalized maculopapular rash. Which finding most strongly supports measles rather than rubella?, A. Mild cervical lymphadenopathy, B. Low-grade fever, C. Koplik spots with cough, coryza and conjunctivitis, D. A rash lasting three days, E. Posterior auricular lymphadenopathy, A 3-year-old child who has never received a measles-containing vaccine develops measles after exposure at daycare. What is the most effective population-level method of preventing this disease?, A. Routine antibiotic prophylaxis, B. Measles-containing vaccination, C. Daily vitamin C supplementation, D. Avoidance of cold weather, E. Antiviral prophylaxis for every child, A physician diagnoses suspected measles in an unvaccinated 3-year-old child who recently attended daycare. What is the most appropriate public-health action?, A. Send the child back to daycare after the fever decreases, B. Wait for complete recovery before informing anyone, C. Notify the appropriate public-health authority and evaluate exposed contacts, D. Give antibiotics to all family members, E. Take no action unless another child becomes ill

Measles

by
Print
Embed

Leaderboard

Visual style

Options

Switch template

Continue editing: ?