Map, A flat representation or model of Earth's surface or a portion of it, showing features such as landforms, cities, and boundaries., Globe, A sphere-shaped model of Earth that shows the continents, oceans, and other features in their true shapes and positions., Scale, The relationship between distances on a map and actual distances on Earth's surface; shows how much the map has been reduced., Symbol, A picture, shape, or marking on a map that represents a real feature, such as a star for a capital city or a triangle for a mountain., Key, A section on a map that explains what the symbols, colors, and markings represent; also called a legend., Degree, A unit of measurement used to describe location on Earth's surface; there are 360 degrees in a circle., Equator, An imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the North and South Poles at 0° latitude; divides Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres., Hemisphere, One half of Earth; Earth can be divided into Northern and Southern Hemispheres (by the equator) or Eastern and Western Hemispheres (by the prime meridian)., Prime meridian, An imaginary line at 0° longitude that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole through Greenwich, England; divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres., Latitude, The distance in degrees north or south of the equator; measured from 0° at the equator to 90° at the poles., Longitude, The distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian; measured from 0° to 180°., Map projection, A way of representing Earth's curved surface on a flat map; all projections distort some features such as shape, size, distance, or direction.

Chapter 2.2

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