1. Digestion, Digestion is the process of breaking down complex food into simpler substances that the body can use., It takes place in the alimentary canal, a tube from the mouth to the anus., 2. Mouth, Teeth break food into smaller pieces by chewing (mechanical digestion)., Saliva softens food and begins the digestion of starch into sugar., The tongue mixes food with saliva and helps in swallowing., 3. Oesophagus (Food Pipe), Food passes from the mouth to the stomach through the oesophagus., Peristalsis pushes food downward using wave-like muscular movements., 4. Stomach, Food mixes with digestive juices, acid and mucus., Proteins begin to digest., Acid (Hydrochloric acid)helps kill many harmful bacteria., Mucus protects the stomach lining., Food becomes semi-liquid., 5. Small Intestine, It is the longest part of the alimentary canal., Bile from the liver helps in the digestion of fats and neutralises acid., Pancreatic juice helps digest carbohydrates, proteins and fats., Digestion is completed here., 6. Absorption, The small intestine has tiny finger-like projections called villi., Villi help absorb digested nutrients into the blood., Blood carries these nutrients to different parts of the body., 7. Large Intestine, It absorbs water and some salts from undigested food., The remaining material becomes semi-solid waste (stool)., 8. Rectum and Anus, Stool is stored temporarily in the rectum., It is expelled through the anus., Removal of undigested food from the body is called egestion., 🔄 Digestion Flow, Mouth → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small Intestine → Large Intestine → Rectum → Anus

Digestion

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