Imagine someone is still running a department badly. Say what would be different now. Use If + past continuous, wouldn’t be + -ing., Explain why smth is happening only because of one person’s help. Use If it weren’t for + noun phrase…, Make the same idea more formal. Use Were it not for + noun phrase…, Explain why a past mistake happened because you were running late. Use If I hadn’t been + -ing, I might have + V3., Say what would have happened if someone had mentioned an important detail earlier. Use If + past perfect, would have + V3., Explain how leaving ten minutes earlier would have changed the result. Use If + past perfect, would have + V3., Talk about a hidden problem someone would have noticed if they hadn’t been overworked. Use If + past perfect continuous, could have + V3., Give a formal version of a past unreal condition. Use Had I not been + -ing…, Imagine a very unlikely future event that would change everything. Use If + subject + were to + infinitive…, Make a polite suggestion about meeting earlier or later. Use Would it be possible if we were to…?, Explain what would have happened without one person’s determination. Use But for + noun phrase…, Compare two versions of the same idea: first with if it hadn’t been for, then with but for.

Conditionals | Speaking

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