Duodenum, the first part of the small intestine, where chyme mixes with bile and pancreatic secretions., Jejunum, the middle section of the small intestine, where much of nutrient absorption takes place., Ileum, the final section of the small intestine, responsible for absorbing vitamin B12 and bile acids., Cecum, the first part of the large intestine, which receives material from the small intestine., Colon, the longest section of the large intestine, where water and electrolytes are absorbed and feces are formed., Intestinal villi, small, finger-like projections of the intestinal lining that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption., Peristalsis, rhythmic contractions of the intestinal muscles that move food along the digestive tract., Goblet cells, cells that produce mucus to protect the intestinal lining and lubricate intestinal contents., Ileocecal valve, a structure that regulates the passage of intestinal contents from the ileum into the cecum.

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