the process of countries becoming more connected through trade, technology, travel and communication, globalisation, opposed to increasing connections between countries and the world economy, anti-globalisation, countries with high incomes, strong economies and a high standard of living, developed countries, countries whose economies and living standards are still growing, developing countries, a term for poorer countries, Third World, a policy of giving local businesses an advantage over foreign competitors, protectionism, a rule or measure that makes international trade more difficult, trade barrier, an official rule that limits what people or businesses can do, restriction, a tax placed on imported goods, tariff / customs duty, a limit on the amount of a product that can be imported or exported, quota, international trade with few or no taxes or limits on imports and exports, free trade, a situation in which countries, businesses or people depend on each other, interdependence, an important meeting between national leaders to discuss major issues, summit, the study of how geography and international relations affect countries and their power, geopolitics, the presence and acceptance of different cultures in the same society, multiculturalism, interaction and communication between people from different cultures, interculturality, a person’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or group, cultural identity, traditions, buildings, objects and customs passed down from earlier generations, cultural heritage, the ability to move easily from one place to another, especially for work or study, mobility, the movement of people from one country or region to another, migration, a person who moves to another country or region, often to work or improve their life, migrant, a person who leaves their country because of war, persecution or serious danger, refugee, a large business that operates in several countries, multinational company, a company that owns or controls another company, parent company, a company that is owned or controlled by another company, subsidiary, the process of sending goods to customers, shipping, the movement of people or goods from one place to another, carriage / transport, the process of making different things similar or more similar, homogenisation, the practice of moving business activities to another country, often to reduce costs, offshoring, the practice of bringing business activities into a country from abroad, inshoring, an international organisation that sets rules for trade between countries and helps solve trade disputes, World Trade Organization (WTO), an international organisation that helps countries facing financial problems and works to keep the global economy stable, International Monetary Fund (IMF), an international organisation that provides money and support to developing countries to reduce poverty and improve living conditions, World Bank, an international organisation that works to maintain peace, protect human rights and encourage cooperation between countries, United Nations (UN), an international military alliance in which member countries agree to defend each other if one of them is attacked, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), an international organisation that protects children's rights and provides help with health, education and safety all around the world, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), an international organisation that works to protect human rights and campaign against human rights abuses, Amnesty International, a specialised international organisation that works to prevent diseases and improve medical care around the world, World Health Organisation (WHO), the group of the world's largest advanced economies that work together on global economic and financial issues, G20, involving two or more countries, international, going beyond national borders and involving several countries under a common authority, supranational, covering or involving the whole country, nationwide, covering or involving all the countries on Earth, worldwide, the sharing of ideas, traditions and customs between people from different cultures, cultural exchange, a policy, especially common in the 19th and early 20th centuries, in which powerful countries tried to build empires by taking control of other countries and territories, imperialism, the process of taking control of another territory and settling people there, colonisation, the process of reducing government control and removing restrictions on trade, markets and business activities, liberalisation, the act of working together to achieve a common goal, cooperation, describing goods that are sold without import taxes or other taxes, duty-free, the government service that checks goods entering or leaving a country and collects taxes on imported goods, customs, a conflict between countries in which they use taxes on imports and other trade restrictions against each other, trade war, when a country imports more goods and services than it exports in value, trade deficit, when a country exports more goods and services than it imports in value, trade surplus, the difference in value between a country's exports and imports over a given period, trade balance, a path or network used to move goods between countries or regions, trade route, an independent organisation that works to achieve social, environmental or humanitarian goals without being controlled by a government, non-governmental organisation (NGO), an area or group of countries where a powerful country has significant political, economic or military impact, sphere of influence, a situation in which no country or group of countries is strong enough to dominate the others, balance of power, a situation in which a country's government and political system function without major disruptions or sudden changes, political stability, a situation in which a country's government or political system faces frequent crises, conflicts or sudden changes, political instability, the process of growing a business by entering markets in different countries around the world, global expansion, the process of increasing a business's sales by reaching new customers or entering new markets, market expansion, the protection of countries and people around the world against threats such as wars, terrorism and cyberattacks, global security, the process of adapting a product, service or content to the language, culture and needs of a specific local market, localisation, the process of adapting a global product or business strategy to suit local cultures and markets, glocalisation, the basic systems and facilities a country or region needs to function, such as roads, electricity, water supply and communication networks, infrastructure, the ability of people, places or systems to connect and communicate with each other, often through transport or digital networks, connectivity, the loss of highly educated or skilled people who leave their country or region to find better opportunities elsewhere, brain drain, the increase in highly educated or skilled people in a country or region through immigration or the return of people who previously moved abroad, brain gain

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