Fossil - remains of ancient organisms, Evolution - process of change over time, Occurs to populations NOT INDIVIDUALS, Charles Darwin - one of the first scientists to publish his ideas about evolution in a book, “The Origin of Species: By Means of Natural Selection”., Natural Selection - Selecting for an organism's traits/ adaptations making it better suited to survive, reproduce, and pass on those traits., Survival of the fittest - The organism with the traits that are best suited to it's environment is more likely to survive and reproduce, Fitness - the ability for an organism to survive in its environment and reproduce, Homologous Structure - Same structure different function, Analogous Structure - Different structure, same function. EX: Bird wing and butterfly wing, Vestigial Structure - Structures that no longer serve a purpose EX: Whale hips, Adaptations - inherited characteristic which increases chances of survival, Directional Selection - Individuals that express a more extreme form of a trait have a higher fitness than those who express the average trait, Stabilizing Selection - Individuals that express the average trait have a higher fitness than those that express an extreme form of the trait, Disruptive Selection - Individuals with either extreme form of the trait have a greater fitness than those with the average form of the trait,

Unit 5: Evolution

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