norms - Often small groups will form who have values and _______ that run counter to school values., functionalists - ________ argue that youth cultures are a transition between childhood and adulthood., status - Eisenstadt (1973 [1956]) argued anti-school cultures develop because people look for _______ from their friends., behaviour - Albert Cohen (1955) suggested that poor children were unable to gain status in school and looked for it from their friends, who gave them approval for anti-school ________., interactionists - _________ such as Hargreaves (1967), Lacey (1970) and Ball (1981) felt that such cultures developed because of labelling by teachers and schools, and through processes such as setting and streaming., Marxist - Willis (1977) was a ________ and a member of the CCCS, hence he felt that anti-school subcultures developed through resistance to the middle-class values of schools., racism - Sewell (1997), Gillborn (1995) and Safia-Mirza (1992) suggested that ethnic minority cultures within schools developed as an act of resistance to the ________ of schools and teachers., edgework - Lyng (2005) used the term ________ to describe the way that people engage in risk behaviours, which include activities such as extreme sports, risk taking in work, or binge drinking and drug abuse., sense of belonging - Batchelor (2005), in a study of criminal Scottish young women, suggested that they engaged in risk behaviours (edgework) to gain friendships and feel a __________., rites of passage - ‘__________’ and ‘transitions’ are terms associated with functionalism., transition - For young people to feel this sense of belonging, functionalists argue, a _________ from childhood to adult status is necessary., stress - Eisenstadt (1973 [1956]) claims that in Western culture for most people, youth culture is a time of _______ due to the series of small and ill-defined changes in status., bridge - Parsons (1954) described youth culture as a ________ between two stages of life., high-risk - Although people of all ages may take part in edgework, many youth cultures are particularly associated with _________ behaviours such as substance abuse, criminality and gang culture and risky sexual activities., adult - Functionalists argue, youth cultures develop to support young people through the transition stage, when they are no longer children but not fully _______.,

characteristics of youth cultures: anti-school subcultures

by
Embed

Leaderboard

Visual style

Options

Switch template

Continue editing: ?