Stroke Volume - The volume of blood that leaves the heart per beat, Cardiac output - The volume of blood pumped out of the heart ventricles per min, Ejection fraction - The percentage of blood that leaves the left ventricle per beat, Adrenaline - The hormone released that increase the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system which causes an increase in HR, Diastole phase - the relaxation of the heart, allows the heart to fill with blood, Systole phase - when the heart contract and forces blood out of the heart chambers, Medulla oblongata - home to the CCC and Vasomotor CC and is where the processes such as breathing, and heart rate is controlled, Parasympathetic nervous system - a part of the autonomic nervous system that decrease heart rate and causes vasodilation , Sympathetic nervous system - a part of the autonomic nervous system that increases heart rate via the SA node. Also causes vasoconstriction and PCS to contract during vascular shunt , Myogenic - the capacity of the heart muscle to generate its own impulses, Vascular Shunt mechanism  - Mechanism that cause redistribution of cardiac output to the areas that need this the most, Arteriovenous difference  - The difference in the volume of oxygen between the arteries and the veins, Chemoreceptors - tiny structures in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that detect changes in blood acidity levels cause by an increase or decrease in carbon dioxide, Baroreceptors - special sensors in the aortic arch, carotid sinus and heart pulmonary vessels that detect changes in blood pressure, Proprioceptors - sensory nerve endings in the muscles tendons and joints that detect changes in muscle movement, Bradycardia - a decrease in resting heart rate below 60 bpm, Cardiovascular drift - occurs in steady state exercise for more than 10 min in warm/hot conditions. VR reduces, SV reduces and HR increased to compensate - cardiac output slightly increase , Starlings law - increase in VR during exercise, greater diastolic filling, greater stretch of the heart, more forceful contraction = Increase in SV and ejection fraction , Venous return - the amount of blood returning to the heart via the vena cava, Pocket valves - are inside the veins and prevent blood flow in the wrong direction - helps with Venous Return,

Cardiovascular system

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