Switch: Responsible for connecting multiple devices on a local area network (LAN), allowing them to communicate with each other. Uses MAC address., Ensures that data is sent only to the intended device., Manages local network traffic., Router: Typically connects LANs to external networks, such as the Internet.Router, Connects different networks together and routes data between them, typically connecting a local network (LAN) to the Internet (WAN). Uses IP addresses to determine the best path for forwarding data to its destination, both within and outside of the network., Connects multiple networks and directs traffic between them., Access Point (AP): Allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network via Wi-Fi. It acts as a bridge between wireless clients (such as laptops and smartphones) and the wired Ethernet network. Are commonly used in homes, offices, and public spaces to enable wireless communication., Often used in conjunction with a switch or router to integrate wireless clients into a wired network.Access Point (AP), Extends the network to wireless devices., Firewall: Blocks unauthorized traffic based on IP addresses, ports, protocols, and other criteria.Firewall, Protects a network by controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic based on a set of security rules. It acts as a barrier between an internal trusted network and external networks (like the Internet) to prevent unauthorized access and attacks. Inspect data packets and decide whether to allow or block them based on pre-defined rules., Can be hardware-based, software-based, or both.,

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