I had cleaned the house by the time the guests arrived., The sentence means that: The guests arrived before I finished cleaning the house., The sentence means that: I finished cleaning before the guests came., Both actions happened at the same time, She hadn’t seen the movie before I recommended it., The sentence means that: She didn’t see the movie before I recommended it., The sentence means that: I didn’t recommend the movie before she saw it., Both actions happened at the same time, He hadn’t slept much when he began his presentation., The sentence means that: He gave the presentation after getting little sleep., The sentence means that: He slept enough before his presentation., Both actions happened at the same time, By the time I arrived, they had already started the meeting., The sentence means that: I arrived before the meeting started., The sentence means that: They started the meeting before I arrived., Both actions happened at the same time, She had just left when it started to rain., The sentence means that: She left right before it started raining., The sentence means that: It started to rain before she left., Both actions happened at the same time, They hadn’t finished the project by the time the deadline arrived., The sentence means that: They didn’t complete the project before the deadline., The sentence means that: The deadline had not yet happened when they finished the project., Both actions happened at the same time, I had already eaten dinner before she called., The sentence means that: She called before I ate dinner., The sentence means that: I ate dinner first, then she called., Both actions happened at the same time, They hadn’t saved enough money before they bought the house., The sentence means that: They bought the house without having saved enough money., The sentence means that: They had saved enough money before buying the house., Both actions happened at the same time, She had just fallen asleep when the baby started crying., The sentence means that: The baby cried before she fell asleep., The sentence means that: She fell asleep moments before the baby cried., Both actions happened at the same time, I hadn't finished homework when the class started., The sentence means that: I didn’t finish my homework before the class started., The sentence means that: I still had finished homework before class started., Both actions happened at the same time.

Past perfect simple + simple past: what happened first?

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