Anatomical Landmark: Inferior Angle of the scapula, A. T2, B. T3, C. T7, D. T10, Cystic structure that arises from the synovial sheath of the joint space. Synovial fluid enters the cavity, A. Ganglion Cyst, B. Heterotrophic Ossification, C. Calcium Deposits, D. Benign Nevus, Repetitive or direct trauma to the sheath of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons causing a tenosynovitis and inflammation, A. CTS, B. DQT, C. Kienbock’s Disease, D. Preisser’s Disease, MOI: traction injury in young elbow, A. Osteochondritis Dissecans, B. Olecranon Bursitis, C. Nursemaid’s Elbow, D. Little Leager’s Elbow, A useful component of electrodiagnostic testing in CTS to exclude other conditions, such as polyneuropathy, plexopathy, and radiculopathy, and to assess severity of CTS if surgical decompression is being considered., A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, B. Positron Emission Tomography Scan, C. Electromyography, D. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, Fibromyalgia, A. (+) referred pain, B. Trigger points, C. Fatigue, D. (+) tight band of muscles, Any defect in the continuity of the bone, ranging from a small crack to a complex fracture with multiple segments., A. Dislocation, B. Muscle Tear, C. Fracture, D. Subluxation, Patient SA reports of having muscle cramps, tingling sensations in the extremities, and recent onset of spasms in the hands and feet. Pt also reports of recent episodes of involuntary muscle contractions, especially noticeable in her hands and feet, leading to difficulty with fine motor tasks, and a noticeable increased fatigue and weakness, particularly towards the end of the day. Upon examination, pt shows twitching of the facial muscles elicited by tapping over the facial nerve. Laboratory shows low serum calcium concentration, typically below 8.5 mg/dL, low ionized calcium levels giving her an impression of hypocalcemia. All of the following would be an appropriate treatment plan for the patient except:, A. Calcium Supplement, B. Monitoring and Correcting Electrolyte Imbalance, C. By taking Calcitriol, which is the most active form of vitamin D, D. By further checking your lipid profile: HDL, LDL, Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides, Workhorse of the elbow flexor, A. Biceps, B. Brachialis, C. Brachioradialis, D. Anconeus, All of the following are causes of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome except:, A. Clavicular Fracture, B. Scalenus Anticus Syndrome, C. Pecs Major Tightness, D. (+) cervical rib, A load-bearing structure between the lunate, triquetrum, and ulnar head. Acts as a stabilizer for the ulnar aspect of the wrist., A. Guyon’s Canal, B. Flexor Retinaculum, C. Extensor Retinaculum, D. TFCC, A physical therapy treatment plan for a patient rehabilitating from an anterior shoulder dislocation includes PREs. Which muscle groups should be emphasized during physical rehabilitation?, A. Abductors and lateral rotators, B. Adductors and lateral rotators, C. Abductors and medial rotators, D. Adductors and medial rotators, Orthopedic surgeons reposition the pieces of your fractured bone surgically so that your bones are back in their proper alignment with the use of mechanical devices to set and stabilize the bones. Metal screws, pins, plates, or rods used to hold the bone pieces together can be temporary or permanent., A. Ilizarov Fixator, B. Internal Fixators, C. CRIF, D. Skeletal Traction, Capsular pattern of shoulder, A. AB>ER, B. IR>F>AB, C. ER>AB>IR, D. AB>IR, Highest part of the shoulder; AKA Summit of the Shoulder, A. Acromion, B. Clavicle, C. Coracoid Process, D. Spine of the Scapula, A common risk factor for the development of cerebral palsy is:, A) High birth weight, B) Premature birth, C) Childhood obesity, D) Vitamin C deficiency, In cerebral palsy, which of the following symptoms is most associated with ataxic CP?, A) Jerky, involuntary movements, B) Poor balance and coordination, C) Muscle stiffness, D) Drooling, Which area of the brain is most commonly affected in spastic cerebral palsy?, A) Basal ganglia, B) Brainstem, C) Cerebral cortex, D) Cerebellum, Which of the following would most likely be used to confirm a diagnosis of cerebral palsy?, A) Blood culture, B) MRI of the brain, C) Pulmonary function test, D) ECG, Which of the following is a hallmark feature of emphysema?, A) Decreased lung compliance, B) Increased alveolar wall destruction, C) Thickened bronchial walls, D) Mucous plug formation, On physical examination, a patient with emphysema would most likely present with:, A) Barrel-shaped chest, B) Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, C) Cyanosis only at rest, D) Clubbing of the toes only, What is the most common cause of CRPS?, a) Autoimmune disease, b) Psychological stress, c) Peripheral nerve injury or trauma, d) Genetic predisposition, Which of the following is the safest physical therapy approach for a patient with Myasthenia Gravis?, a) High-intensity strength training to reduce muscle fatigue, b) Long-duration endurance exercises, c) Pacing activities with frequent rest breaks, d) Complete immobilization to prevent fatigue, Which of the following interventions is most beneficial for improving gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease?, a) High-intensity resistance training, b) Dual-task training with cognitive challenges, c) Visual and auditory cueing strategies, d) Prolonged bed rest to prevent falls, What is the most effective first-line medication for managing Parkinson’s disease symptoms?, a) Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, b) Levodopa-Carbidopa, c) Beta-blockers, d) Corticosteroids, What does the ASIA scale assess in individuals with spinal cord injuries?, A) Muscle strength and joint flexibility, B) The level of motor and sensory function, C) Pain sensitivity in different regions of the body, D) The severity of muscle spasms, Which of the following is an example of an incomplete spinal cord injury?, A) Complete paralysis below the level of injury, B) No motor or sensory function below the level of injury, C) Partial motor function and/or sensation preserved below the level of injury, D) Complete loss of bowel and bladder function, In which ASIA classification does a person show no motor or sensory function below the level of injury, including the sacral segments?, A) ASIA A (Complete), B) ASIA B (Sensory Incomplete), C) ASIA C (Motor Incomplete), D) ASIA D (Motor Incomplete), Which of the following arteries is most commonly associated with lacunar strokes?, A) Middle cerebral artery, B) Posterior cerebral artery, C) Small penetrating arteries in the brain, D) Vertebral artery, A brainstem stroke often affects which vital functions?, A) Vision and memory, B) Speech and language comprehension, C) Breathing and heart rate, D) Hearing and balance, Which of the following symptoms is most likely to be seen in a patient with a brainstem stroke?, A) Sudden loss of vision in one eye, B) Weakness or numbness on one side of the body, C) Vertigo or difficulty walking, D) Severe headache with vomiting, The Nash-Moe classification system is used to assess which aspect of scoliosis?, A) The location of the spinal curve, B) The severity of vertebral rotation, C) The presence of disc herniation, D) The overall spinal flexibility, What is a scoliogram used for in scoliosis assessment?, A) Measuring the degree of spinal deformity, B) Determining bone density, C) Identifying nerve damage, D) Assessing joint stability, A common cause for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is avascular necrosis (AVN). What is AVN?, A) A condition where the hip joint becomes infected, B) The death of bone tissue due to lack of blood supply, C) A tear in the hip cartilage, D) An inflammation of the hip joint caused by arthritis, Which of the following precautions is typically recommended for a patient after total hip arthroplasty (THA)?, A) Avoiding any weight-bearing activities for six months, B) Not crossing the legs to prevent dislocation, C) Performing high-impact sports as soon as possible, D) Limiting hip flexion to less than 30 degrees only, Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?, A) Sudden, sharp pain in the lower back, B) Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes, C) Numbness in the fingers, D) Fever and chills with joint swelling, Which of the following joints is most commonly affected by rheumatoid arthritis?, A) The lumbar spine, B) The knee joint, C) The small joints of the hands and feet, D) The hip joint, What is the role of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?, A) To reduce pain immediately, B) To slow the progression of joint damage, C) To reduce fever and inflammation only, D) To improve flexibility in the joints, When peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is the cause for below-knee amputation, which of the following laboratory tests is commonly used to assess the severity of the condition?, A) Complete blood count (CBC), B) Ankle-brachial index (ABI), C) Liver function tests, D) Blood glucose level, What is the primary goal of treatment following a below-knee amputation?, A) To manage wound healing and prevent infection, B) To maximize independence in daily activities and prosthetic use, C) To reduce the risk of complications like diabetes and hypertension, D) To improve cardiovascular health only

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