Confederation, The joining of British North American colonies into one country called Canada (1867)., Canada East, The colony was mainly French-speaking, now Quebec., Canada West, The colony was mainly English-speaking, now Ontario, Responsible Government, A government elected by the people giving citizens a voice in decisions., Representation by Population, A system where political seats are distributed based on population size, Political Deadlock, When opposing groups block each other from passing laws, Coalition Government, Different political parties working together to overcome deadlock., Act of Union (1841), Law uniting Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, British North America Act (BNA), The law created Canada as a Dominion in 1867, acting as its Constitution, Rupert's Land, Huge territory owned by Hudson's Bay Company, mostly fur trade area, Charlottetown Conference, First meeting in 1864 discussing union of colonies, held in PEI, Quebec Conference, 1864 meeting where detailed plans for Canada's government were made, London Conference, 1866-67 meeting finalizing Confederation details with British officials, Governor General, The British-appointed representative in Canada after Confederation.

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