Diagnostic, Track or stream learners by level. It uses diverse methods, like tests, self-ratings, or interviews, to diagnose learning needs for future planning., Interim/Benchmark, Given during instruction to inform policymakers of intervention, which is reported at the aggregate level, e.g., Star rating in schools., Criterion Reference, Compares individuals to a set of criteria set as standard. E.g., Outcome-Based Education curriculum is largely criterion-based., Summative, A final assessment, usually scored, occurring at the close of a program. It "sums up" all information to gauge overall effectiveness and counts towards the final performance., Placement, Assigns learners to the appropriate group or class, such as by subject combination. This initial evaluation is also known as streaming or tracking., Norm-referenced Assessment, Compares an individual's performance to that of a larger group, aiming for a normal curve with most scores falling in the average range., Inter-rater Reliability, Consistency of scores when different graders assess the same student work., Internal Consistency, Coherence among the different parts an assessment., Construct Validity, The degree to which a test or measurement tool accurately assesses the specific theoretical concept (or "construct") it is intended to measure., Formative, A planned, ongoing process used by teachers and students during instruction to gather evidence of learning, provide immediate feedback, and make real-time adjustments..

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