Translocation - A section of DNA is moved from one chromosome to another, Deletion - A section of DNA is removed, Duplication - A DNA segment or a single base is doubled, Substitution - One or more nucleotides are replaced by another, Insertion - Additional nucleotides are inserted into the DNA sequence, Inversion - A section of DNA within a chromosome is reversed, Silent Mutation - Mutation without consequences for the protein sequence, Missense Mutation - Incorporation of a different amino acid changes the spatial structure of the protein, Frameshift Mutation - Alteration shifts the reading frame, leading to a completely different protein, Nonsense Mutation - A new stop codon leads to premature termination of translation, Somatic Mutation - Somatic Mutation, Mutagens - External influences like chemicals and radiation that increase mutation rate,

Gene Mutations

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