Describe what happens to particles when a substance changes state. you should refer to the arrangement enegery and movement in all three states of mater , Solids =Particles are closely packed, low energy, and vibrate in fixed positions. LiqLiquids: Particles are close but can move past each other, with more energy and freedom to flow.Gases: Particles are far apart, have the most energy, and move rapidly and randomly.During a change of state, particles gain or lose energy, which changes their movement and arrangement, What is the type of structure of substance A, given that it melts at 842°C and conducts electricity as both a solid and a liquid?, Metallic (It conducts electricity as quid → typical of metals.), Does substance B conduct electricity as a solid, given that it melts at 1610°C and does not conduct electricity as a liquid?, No (Non-conductive as solid and liquid, Does substance C conduct electricity as a solid, given that it melts at 772°C and has an ionic structure?, Covalent (giant covalent) (High melting point, no electrical conductivity.), Does substance C conduct electricity as a liquid, given that it has an ionic structure?, NO (Ionic solids do not conduct electricity.), does substance C conduct electricity as a liquid, given that it has an ionic structure?, Yes (Ionic liquids do conduct electricity.), The equation below shows the reaction between magnesium and chlorine to produce magnesium chloride. Mg + Cl2 → MgCl2 Magnesium chloride consists of Mg2+ and Cl− ions. Describe, in terms of electrons, how magnesium chloride is produced from magnesium and chlorine, Magnesium atom loses 2 electrons; to form an ion with a charge of 2+; 2 chlorine atoms react with 1 magnesium atom; each chlorine atom gains 1 electron; to form an ion with a charge of 1–; positive and negative ions attract each other OR reference to ionic bonding OR reference to complete outer shells/energy levels OR reference to attaining the electronic structure of a noble gas.., The boiling point of hydrogen sulfide is low. Explain wh, Intermolecular forces: are weak; so are easily broken., Compare the structures of graphite and fullerenes., both giant structures • both hexagonal rings • both have delocalised electrons • graphite has layers, fullerenes have hollow shapes., Graphite is an excellent conductor of electricity. Explain how graphite conducts electricity., Contains delocalised electrons; which are free to move to carry the current., Three oxides have the following melting points; −72 oC, 1132 oC, and 2572 oC. The three oxides are calcium oxide, CaO, sodium oxide, Na2O, and sulfur dioxide, SOThree oxides have the following melting points; −72 oC, 1132 oC, and 2572 oC. The three oxides are calcium oxide, CaO, sodium oxide, Na2O, and sulfur dioxide, SO2. Predict the melting point of each oxide. Give reasons for your answers., SO₂: –72°C Na₂O: 1132°C CaO: 2572°C Sulfur dioxide has the lowest melting point because it is a simple (covalent) molecule/has a simple molecular structure. Calcium oxide has the highest melting point because it has the greatest electrostatic attraction between ions. (Allow: calcium oxide has higher melting point than sodium oxide because it contains ions with +2 charge whereas sodium ions are only +1.).

CHEMISTRY PP

by
Print
Embed

Leaderboard

Visual style

Options

Switch template

)
Continue editing: ?