1. What best describes the role of IoT in industrial automation?, Devices operate independently without any data exchange, Smart devices collect, transmit, and analyze process data to enable autonomous control, Sensors only store data locally for manual inspection, IoT replaces all PLCs and SCADA systems entirely, Which communication protocol is optimized for lightweight, low-bandwidth IoT messaging?, OPC UA, Modbus RTU, MQTT, Profibus DP, 3. Which scenario represents a true IoT-based predictive maintenance system?, The operator checks equipment every week and logs issues manually, The machine shuts down only after a fault has already occurred, ) A vibration sensor continuously sends data to the cloud, where algorithms detect early failure patterns, A pump is replaced at fixed intervals regardless of condition, Which of the following components acts as an edge computing device in an IoT architecture?, Cloud database processing analytic models, ESP32 performing preprocessing and filtering before sending data, A passive analog sensor with no communication capability, A mechanical valve controlled manually, What is the main security risk associated with unsecured IoT devices in industrial environments?, Reduced equipment weight, Increased sensor calibration frequency, Unauthorized access leading to altered commands or operational disruption, Devices consume more electricity.

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