Lashley: Experimented on rats and monkeys, Aimed to find the 'engram' where memories are stored, Made lesions on the brains of rats after teaching them how to get through a maze, Discovered that memory storage is widespread throughout the cerebral cortext, Sperry: Experimented on cats, monkeys and humans, Cut the corpus callosum of the animals to see effects, Found that the left and right hemipheres will work independently without a corpus callosum, Discovered hemispheric specialisation, Phineas Gage: A case study of brain injury to the frontal lobe, A railway construction worker who had a rod penetrate his left cheek and out through his skull, Experienced personality changes after the incident, Demonstrated localisation of brain function, since he survived the incident , Demonstrated that the frontal lobe is involved in personality, Henry Molaison: A case study of removal of the hippocampus, due to epilepsy., After surgery, could not form new declarative memories (anterograde amnesia), Retained ability to learn new motor skills (procedural memory), Demonstrated the role of the hippocampus at storing declarative memories, London taxi drivers: Maguire conducted a study on the size of the hippocampus of taxi drivers, 79 aspiring taxi drivers conducted MRI scans, compared to 31 control participants, During 4 year taxi training (increasing spatial navigation memory) increased the size of the hippocampus, Demonstrated the role of the hippocampus in spatial navigation,

Brain studies

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