Hair shedding , Normal daily hair fall as part of the hair growth cycle (50-100 hairs daily), alopecia , partial or complete lode of hair from areas where it normally grows , androgenic alopecia , pattern hair loss linked to genetics, age, and hormones, where hair becomes finer overtime , Terminal hair , coarse, thick, pigmented hair (like scalp hair, beard hair), Hair miniaturization , Terminal hairs gradually become smaller/finer (more like vellums hair), leading to thinning, Anagen phase, Active growth phase of the hair cycle , Telogen phase , Resting phase of the hair cycle; haor later sheds, Alopecia areata, Autoimmune hair loss that causes round/irregular patches of hair loss; scalp often looks normal, Alopecia totalis, Loss of all terminal scalp hair , Alopecia universalis , Loss of all terminal hair on the body and scalp , Postpartum alopecia, Temporary hair loss after pregnancy, often 1-5 months after delivery, Minoxidil, FDA-approved topical hair-loss treatment applied to the scalp (2% or 5%), Finasteride , FDA-approved oral prescription hair-loss treatment (not used for people with childbearing potential due to risks), Hair transplant, surgical procedure that moves hair follicles from one area to another for permanent hair replacement , Non-medical hair replacement , cosmetic options such as wigs, toupees, weaving, and extensions to help clients manage thinning, Hair disorder , A condition affecting the hair shaft, pigment, or growth patterns, canities, technical term for gray/white hair caused by loss of pigment , congenital canities , canities that are present at birth , albinism , congenital condition where a person is born with little to pigment in skin, hair, and eyes, Acquired canities, Canities that develops later due to age/genetics , Ringed hair , Alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair along the strand, Hirsuities , Growth of terminal hair on a female in areas where it typically doesn't grow, Hypertrichosis, Hair grows longer or thicker than usual , Trichoptilosis, Technical term for split ends , Trichorrhexis nodosa , Technical term for knotted/brittle hair with nodular swellings; breaks easily, Mechanical damage , hair damage caused by physical health , Chemical damage , Hair damage caused by chemical services , Thermal damage , damage from heat tools or excessive thermal pressing , Monilethrix, technical term for beaded hair ; brittle; often genetic, Gene mutation , a change in DNA that can cause inherited conditions, Fragilitas crinium , tecnnicak term for brittle hair that splits /breaks easily at any point, Scalp disorder , A condition affecting scalp skin that may involve flakes, itching, inflammation, infection, or lesions, Dry scalp, flaky, itchy scalp with smaller, finer flakes, Dandruff, flaky scalp condition often linked to oiliness amd larger visible flakes, Pityryasis, technical term for dandruff, Malassezia, naturally occuring fungus on the scalp that can contribute to dandruff , Antidandruff shampoo, shampoo containing antifungal ingredients to control dandruff, Pyrithione zinc, antifungal ingredient used in dandruff shampoos, Selenium sulfide, antifungal ingredient used in dandruff shampoos, Ketoconazole, antifungal ingredient used in dandruff shampoos, Pityriasis capitis simplex, "classic" dandruff: irritation, large flakes, itching; can often be managed in the salon, Pityriasis steatites, more severe dandruff with greasy/waxy scales mixed with sebum; refer to healthcare provider, Cradle cap, infant form of pityriasis steatoides, Seborrheic dermatitis , inflamed, rash-like form associated with severe dandruff; do not perform services if suspected, Tinea, technical term for ringworm ; contagious, Contagious, can be spread from one person to another , Tinea capitis, ringworm of the scalp; may cause red spots at follicle, broken hair, black dot; refer out, Dermatophyte fungus, type of fungus that can cause tinea infections, Tinea barbae, fungal infection in the beard/mustache area; can be inflamed; refer out, Tinea favosa (tinea favus), "honeycomb ringworm" with dry yellow crusts; may scar; refer out, Scutula, dry, yellow crusts seen in tinea favosa, Parasitic infection, an infestation by a parasite, Scabies, highly contagious skin condition caused by mites; intense itching, rash; refer out, Sarcoptes scabiei, the mite that causes scabies , Pediculosis capitis , head lice infestation of the scalp and hair; no services-refer, Nits, lice eggs attached to the hair shaft, Magnifiying glass assessment, a close scalp check used to distinguish dandruff flakes (loose) from nits (attached), Bacterial infection, infection caused by bacteria; may require medical treatment , Streptococci, a group of bacteria that can cause infections, Staphylococci, a group of bacteria that can cause infections, Furuncle , Technical term for a boil; no services until healed, Carbuncle , cluster of boils that extend deeper into tissue; no services until healed , folliculitis, inflammation/infection of hair follicles; red bumps or pimples; refer if active, Pseudofolliculitis barbae, follicle inflammation from ingrown hairs, often where hair is shaved/tweezed, Scope of practice , what a cosmetologist is legally allowed to do (vs. what requires referral to a healthcare provider), Infection control , procedures that prevent spread of disease (sanitation, disinfection, safe practices), Disinfection, Using an EPA-registered disinfectant to kill pathogens on nonliving surfaces/tools.

Chapter 8 STUDY GUIDE

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