What are the roles and responsibilities of a tester or a QA engineer?, A QA engineer writes most of the code and decides what features should be built. They focus on delivering the product quickly and talking to clients instead of testing it., A QA engineer has multiple roles and is bounded to several responsibilities such as defining quality parameters, describing test strategy, executing test, leading the team, reporting the defects or test results., Difference between error, defect and failure., In software engineering, an error is a programmer’s mistake. A defect is a bug that causes the system to deviate from expected results, and a failure is when the system cannot perform its function due to a defect., In software engineering, an error is the problem found by the user after the product is released. A defect is a small issue in the documentation that does not affect the system’s behavior, while a failure is a minor coding mistake made by the developer during implementation., Are security testing and penetration testing similar terms?, No, but both testing types ensure the security mechanism of the software. However, penetration testing is a form of security testing which is done with the purpose to attack the system to ensure not only the security features but also its defensive mechanism., Yes, both testing types are the same. Penetration testing only checks if the software works correctly and does not focus on security., What are the test closure activities?, Test closure activities happen after software release and involve collecting test data and artifacts to assess the impact of testing on the product., Test closure activities are done before testing starts and focus on planning new features rather than reviewing past tests., How system testing is different to acceptance testing?, System testing is done by users to see if they like the software, while acceptance testing is done by developers to fix coding errors., System testing checks if the system meets specifications, while acceptance testing verifies it meets user needs., What’s the difference between a use case and a test case?, Use cases are written by testers to check if the code works, while test cases describe how users should interact with the system., Use cases show user scenarios and system paths, while test cases verify software functions based on requirements., How to write a test case?, Test cases should be effective enough to cover each and every feature and quality aspect of software and able to provide complete test coverage with respect to specified requirements and specifications., To write a test case, start by guessing what might go wrong in the software, then describe steps based on personal experience instead of requirements., Which is better approach to perform regression testing: manual or automation?, Manual regression testing is always better because it is faster, more reliable, and does not require any tools or scripts., Automation would provide better advantage in comparison to manual for performing regression testing., Can a software application be 100% tested?, Yes, a software application can be 100% tested if you just run all the tests carefully and check every function., No, as one of the principles of software testing states that exhaustive testing is not possible., When to start and stop testing?, You should start testing only after the software is completely finished and stop testing as soon as the first few tests pass., Testing usually starts when a software build is ready, but can begin earlier if requirements are available. It depends on the development model—in Waterfall it happens at the end, in Agile it runs in short iterations. Testing stops when all planned tests are done, critical bugs are fixed, and main features are checked..

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