Floor plan, A drawing from above that shows the layout of rooms and walls., Facade, The main exterior face of a building, Rendering, A realistic 3D image used to present a project., Scale, The size of elements in relation to people or other parts of the building, Types of texture, The surface quality of a material (smooth, rough, polished, etc.)., Lintel, A horizontal structural element above a door or window., Building envelope, All exterior parts of a building that separate inside from outside (walls, roof, windows, doors)., Massing, The overall 3D shape and volume of a building., Fenestration, The arrangement and design of windows and openings in a building., Module, A standard unit of measurement used to organize proportions., Hierarchy, The organization of spaces based on importance., Post and lintel system, A construction system using vertical supports and horizontal beams., Cornice, A horizontal element at the top of a building that directs rainwater away., Diagram, A simple drawing that explains a design idea., Composite materials , Materials made by combining two or more different materials., Rhythm, Repetition of elements that creates visual movement., Spatiality, The quality and experience of space in a building., Articulation, The way architectural elements are connected or clearly expressed., Sustainable (green) building, Designing buildings to reduce environmental impact and improve energy efficiency., Piloti, Columns that lift a building above the ground., Intercolumniation, The spacing between columns., Tectonics, The way materials and construction systems are assembled and expressed., Parti, The main concept or central design idea of a project., Biomimicry, Designing buildings inspired by nature., BIM (Building Information Modeling), A digital 3D modeling system used to design and coordinate building projects., Beam, a structural element designed to resist lateral (transverse) loads, bending moments, and shear forces. It is typically a long, straight, horizontal member—often made of steel, wood, or concrete—that spans between supports to distribute weight in buildings, bridges, and roofs, Primary Beams (Girders), Span between columns and support smaller beams., Secondary Beams, Rest on primary beams, covering smaller spans., Joists, Closely spaced, smaller beams that directly support roof sheeting or floor, often running between secondary beams., Types of materials , .

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