Who were the Separatists in the early 1600s?, A religious group that wanted to separate entirely from the official Church of England to practice a stricter lifestyle., Why did the Separatists leave England for Holland?, They faced persecution, fines, and imprisonment for not following the established church., Why did the Pilgrims decide to leave Holland and sail to North America?, They were concerned their children were losing their English identity and growing up more Dutch than English., What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?, It established a tradition of self-government where settlers agreed to obey laws for the "general Good of the Colony"., Where did the Pilgrims eventually settle and name their colony?, They landed at Cape Cod and named their settlement Plymouth., Which American Indian helped the Pilgrims survive by teaching them to plant crops?, Squanto, a Wampanoag man who showed them how to plant corn, beans, and pumpkins., What event in the fall of 1621 celebrated the Pilgrims' first successful harvest?, The first Thanksgiving., How did the Puritans differ from the Pilgrims regarding the Church of England?, The Puritans wanted to "reform" or simplify the church rather than separate from it entirely., Who was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?, John Winthrop, who wanted the colony to be a "shining city upon a hill"., What was the "Great Migration"?, A movement during which thousands of people moved to the Massachusetts Bay Colony and established towns like Boston., Why did Thomas Hooker leave Massachusetts to found Hartford, Connecticut?, He believed the governor and other officials in Massachusetts Bay had too much power., What was significant about the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?, It gave the vote to all male property owners and limited the governor's power., Why was Roger Williams forced to leave Massachusetts?, He believed the church and state should be separate and challenged the colony's leaders., What is the definition of religious "toleration"?, The willingness to let others practice their own beliefs., Why was Anne Hutchinson put on trial and banished from Boston?, She criticized minister’s teachings and claimed God spoke directly to her, which threatened Puritan authority., How did the King of England change the status of New Hampshire in 1680?, He divided the northern coastal settlements from Massachusetts to form a separate colony., Why was the New England soil a challenge for colonists?, The soil was very thin and rocky, making it difficult to farm., What were the major natural resources used for New England's economy?, Timber from dense forests for shipbuilding, as well as fishing and whaling in the coastal waters., What were "town meetings" used for in New England?, They were held in meetinghouses to discuss local issues and vote on laws for the community., Why did conflict break out between English settlers and American Indians by 1670?, As the settler population grew to 45,000, they began taking over more American Indian lands, making resources scarce.

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