Tau - While pi relates a circle's circumference to its diameter, this number relates a circle's circumference to its radius — and many mathematicians argue that this relationship is much more important. It also makes seemingly unrelated equations nicely symmetrical, such as the one for a circle's area and an equation describing kinetic and elastic energy., i - It's the square root of -1, which means it's a rule breaker, as you're not supposed to take the square root of a negative number. , i to the power of i - At a glance, this looks like the most imaginary number possible — an imaginary number raised to an imaginary power, but, in fact, as Leonhard Euler wrote in a 1746 letter, it is a real number!, 1 - It's the only number by which all other numbers divide into integers. It's the only number divisible by exactly one positive integer (itself). It's the only positive integer that's neither prime nor composite., 2^{aleph_0} - These numbers are used to describe the sizes of infinite sets, where a set is any collection of distinct objects in mathematics..,

Important numbers in maths

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