EXW (Ex Works), Seller makes goods available at their premises. The buyer handles all transport, export/import clearance, and risks., FCA (Free Carrier), Seller delivers goods to a carrier named by the buyer, cleared for export. Risk transfers upon delivery to the carrier., FAS (Free Alongside Ship), Seller delivers goods alongside a specific vessel at the named port. Risk passes at this point., FOB (Free on Board), Seller delivers goods on board the vessel and clears them for export. Risk passes once goods are on board., CPT (Carriage Paid To), Seller pays for carriage to the named destination, but risk transfers when goods are handed to the first carrier., CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To), Similar to CPT, but the seller also covers insurance. Under 2020 rules, CIP requires higher-level, comprehensive insurance coverage., CFR (Cost and Freight), Seller pays costs to bring goods to the destination port. Risk transfers once goods are on board the ship., CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight), With the added requirement that the seller purchases minimum insurance for the goods during transit, DAP (Delivered at Place), Seller covers transport costs and risks to a named place, ready for unloading. Buyer handles import clearance., DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded), Seller delivers and unloads goods at the destination. This is the only term requiring the seller to unload at destination., DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), Maximum obligation on the seller. They handle everything, including import duties and taxes, delivering goods to the buyer's location..

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