Which of the following dental specialists is most likely to use general anesthetic drugs in their offices?, a. Prosthodontist, b. Endodontist, c. Oral and maxillofacial surgeon, d. Orthodontist, Which of the following general anesthetic agents was introduced in the middle 1800s and led to a dramatic reduction in surgically related mortality?, a. Propofol, b. Isoflurane, c. Ether, d. Nitrous oxide, According to Guedel’s description of the stages and planes of anesthesia, the induction period refers to stage, a. I., b. II., c. I and II., d. I, II, and III., e. None of the above is correct., Nitrous oxide, as used in the dental office, maintains the patient in stage _____ of Guedel’s system of stages and planes., a. I, b. II, c. III, d. IV, The loss of respiratory control (i.e., diminished carbon dioxide response, paralysis of intercostal muscles) first occurs during which of Guedel’s stages of anesthesia?, a. Stage I, b. Stage II, c. Stage III, d. Stage IV, Which of the following intravenous general anesthetic agents can be administered intramuscularly (IM)?, a. Methohexital (Brevital), b. Ketamine (Ketalar), c. Diazepam (Valium), d. Propofol (Diprivan), Recovery from a single intravenous dose of methohexital (Brevital) is accelerated as a resultof _______ to lean tissues., a. drug excretion, b. drug redistribution, c. drug metabolism, d. enzyme induction, The following are characteristics of propofol except which one?, a. Rapid onset of action, b. Produces little vomiting, c. Undergoes phase II metabolism in the liver, d. Intravenous anesthetic, e. Structurally related to barbiturate, Which of the following effects is not a characteristic of the action of ketamine?, a. Produces “dissociative” anesthesia, b. Causes xerostomia, c. Increases cardiac output, d. Causes recovery associated with delirium and hallucinations, Which of the following is the major disadvantage of the use of opioids as an adjunctive drug to general anesthesia in preanesthetic medication?, a. Hypertensive crisis, b. Respiratory depression, c. Hallucinations, d. Salivary stimulation, Nitrous oxide has _____ onset and _____ solubility in blood., a. rapid; high, b. rapid; low, c. slow; high, d. slow; low, Nitrous oxide combined with oxygen (N2O/O2) has become a primary part of dental office _____ procedures, a. anxiety reduction, b. general anesthesia, c. sleep apnea, d. bruxism, The average percentage of nitrous oxide required for patient comfort is, a. 10%., b. 25%., c. 35%., d. 50%., At the termination of a N2O/O2 sedation procedure, the patient should be placed on 100% oxygen for at least _____ minutes., a. 2, b. 5, c. 8, d. 11, Diffusion hypoxia may occur if insufficient 100% oxygen is delivered at the termination of a nitrous oxide procedure because, a. the lungs are insufficiently inflated., b. the loss of carbon dioxide could decrease ventilation., c. nitrous oxide is highly soluble in blood., d. nitrous oxide has a slow onset and recovery., The best indicator of the degree of sedation under nitrous oxide is, a. response to a painful stimulus., b. percent nitrous oxide being delivered., c. response to questions., d. muscle tone., e. eye movements., The correct method for administration of nitrous oxide is to put the patient on, a.100% oxygen for 2 to 3 minutes and then put the nitrous oxide level at 20% of the level of oxygen., b. 100% oxygen for 2 to 3 minutes and then put the nitrous oxide level at 50% of the level of oxygen., c. 100% oxygen for 2 to 3 minutes and add nitrous oxide in 5 to 10% increments until sedation is achieved, Nitrous oxide cylinders are _____ and oxygen cylinders are _____: (1) red, (2) green, (3) blue, (4) orange, and (5) tan., a. 1; 2, b. 3; 2, c. 2; 4, d. 3; 4, e. 3; 5, A patient for whom nitrous oxide is to be administered should be warned to avoid eating a large meal within _____ hours of the appointment., a. 2, b. 3, c. 4, d. 5, Nitrous oxide has been shown to reduce the activity of methionine synthetase, the enzyme involved with the function of which vitamin?, a. Vitamin B1, b. Vitamin K, c. Vitamin B6, d. Folic acid, e. Vitamin B12, Nitrous oxide is contraindicated for use in a patient with which of the following conditions?, a. Diabetes, b. Emphysema, c. Hypertension, d. Glaucoma, e. None of the above, Approximately 15% of halothane is metabolized in the liver, and these metabolites have been suggested as a cause of renal damage, a. Both parts of the statement are true., b. Both parts of the statement are false., c. The first part of the statement is true; the second part is false., d. The first part of the statement is false; the second part is true., Which inhalational agent has a pungent smell and can cause respiratory acidosis with deeper levels of anesthesia?, a. Isoflurane, b. Halothane, c. Enflurane, d. Sevoflurane, e. Nitrous oxide, Which of the following types of agents is used during balanced general anesthesia to help the patient pass from stage I to stage III and skip over the signs of stage II?, a. Ketamine, b. Propofol, c. Ultrashort-acting IV barbiturate, d. Opioids, The more soluble the anesthetic is in body tissues, the more rapid the onset and recovery will be, a. Both statements are true., b. Both statements are false., c. The first statement is true, the second is false., d. The first statement is false, the second is true, Features of nitrous oxide administration include each of the following except one. Which i the exception?, a. Nitrous oxide has low solubility in blood., b. Nitrous oxide alone is a good choice for a general anesthetic., c. Nitrous oxide has a quick onset., d. The patient will recover quickly following termination of administration of nitrous oxide., A patient should be given 100% oxygen for 5 minutes after treatment with nitrous oxide to prevent, a. neuropathy., b. dissociative anesthesia, c. diffusion hypoxia., d. respiratory paralysis., Each of the following is true of patient instructions prior to the administration of nitrous oxide except one. Which is the exception?, The patient should eat a light meal before the appointment., The patient must bring another person to transport them home as the patient shouldnot drive himself or herself home alone following administration of nitrous oxide., A patient who has been administered nitrous oxide often will think the procedure is shorter than it was due to which quality of nitrous oxide?, a. Euphoria, b. Anesthesia, c. Analgesia, d. Amnesia, The more soluble the anesthetic is in body tissues, the more rapid the onset and recovery will be, T, F, Nitrous oxide is a complete anesthetic., True , False , To prevent diffusion hypoxia, patients should be given 100% oxygen for 5 minutes after treatment with nitrous oxide, T, F, Patients should be instructed to fast before a dental procedure using nitrous oxide., T, F, Nitrous oxide has amnestic qualities, True , False .

Chapter 11- Pharm

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