While the surface of the Earth was still very ____ the water remained in the ____ state. When conditions cooled sufficiently, the water vapour later ____ and fell to the ____ of the Earth, forming the ____. Explain how the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was ____ when carbon dioxide ____ as the oceans formed Carbon dioxide is a water soluble gas (it is the gas used in fizzy drinks) and dissolves readily. When the water vapour condensed large amounts of ____ dissolved in the oceans. ____ substances were ____ during this process which later formed ____. This is how the ____ amounts of carbon dioxide in the early atmosphere was ____. Nitrogen gas was released by the reaction of ____ with oxygen and by ____ ____. The nitrogen was being produced but was not being used up, hence the amount of ____ in the atmosphere ____ over time. Primitive plants and algae began ____ which used up more CO₂ and released ____ into the atmosphere: 6CO₂+ 6H₂O→ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ Through these processes and over a long period of time, the amount of O₂ in the atmosphere has increased and the CO2 decreased, being trapped in ____ fuels and sedimentary ____. You can check for the presence of oxygen by checking if the gas ____ a ____ splint. Insert the glowing splint into the boiling tube and if oxygen ____ is present it will relight. Greenhouse gases When shortwave ____ from the sun strikes the Earth’s surface it is ____ and re-____ from the surface of the Earth as ____ radiation. Much of the radiation, however, is ____ inside the Earth’s atmosphere by Greenhouse gases which can ____ and hold the radiation. Carbon ____, ____ and water vapour are gases that have this effect, and although present in only small amounts, they are causing significant upset to the Earth’s natural conditions by trapping extra ____ energy. This process is called the ____ effect.

Atmosphere 2

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