Russian psychologist Ivan ____ is normally credited with discovering the process of ____. He was investigating the ____ reflex in dogs when he noticed that they not only salivated when food was placed in their mouth, but they also reacted to ____ that coincided with the presentation of food. This led him to explore the ____ under which this type of learning was most likely to occur. The ____ stimulus in any reflex is referred to as the ____ and the natural response to this stimulus is the ____. During the acquisition phase, a ____ which does not elicit the UCR, is presented shortly before the UCS. After many pairings of NR + UCS, this changes and the NS is now able to produce the same response even without the UCS. The NS is now referred to as a ____ and the response it produces is the ____.

Classical Conditioning Gap Fill

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