Fertiliser is applied to crops on a farm, Fertiliser is dissolved in rain and runs off into nearby bodies of water, Plants intially grow quickly as they have more nutrients available, Microscopic algae start to take over and cover the surface of the water, The sunlight is blocked from reaching the plants at the bottom of the pond/lake, Plants can no longer photosynthesise so oxygen is not released into the water, The fish suffocate and die as there is no oxygen in the water, Finally, the algae die and bacteria degrade them using up the rest of the oxygen.

Eutrophication Diagram CES

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