Fertility Awareness - A women identifies the fertile days in her cycle, and avoid sexual intercourse during that time. She uses physical symptoms that change with hormone fluctuations throughout her cycle. Ovulation occurs on ONE day during each cycle, and then several days preceding are the most fertile days, known as the "fertile window", Withdrawal (Coitus Interruptus) - Man controls his ejaculation during intercourse and "pulls out" before ejaculations. This is the lease effective method, as if the first few drops are lost in the vagina, they are the most fertile and can cause pregnancy, Condoms - For males it is a sleeve that is put over the penis. It is made from latex, and may be coated with spermicide. For females it is internal, which a pouch that is inserted into the vagina, catches the male ejaculate. It is held in place by the pubic bone, Lactation Amenorrhea - Effective temporary method of contraception used by breastfeeding mothers. Relies on physiologic changes associated with breastfeeding for contraception. Continuous breastfeeding can usually postpone ovulation, for up to 6 months, Diaphragm - Soft latex dome surrounded by a metal ring. It is used in conjunction with spermicidal jelly or cream. It is inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. It can be inserted UP TO 2 hours before intercourse, and left in place for UP TO 6 hours afterward, Cervical Cap - Smaller than a diaphragm and only covers the cervix. It is held in place by suction. It is made of silicone or latex, and is used with spermicide. Cap may be inserted UP TO 36 HOURS before intercourse and provides protection for 48 hours. MUST be kept in for 6 hours after the final act, and should be replaced every year of use, Sponge - Nonhormonal, nonprescription device that includes both a barrier and a spermicide. Concave device that prevents pregnancy by covering the cervix and releasing spermicide, Oral - Suppress ovulation by adding estrogen and progesterone to a woman's body, thus mimicking pregnancy, Injectable - Include progestin-only OR a combination of estrogen and progestin agents that provide safe and highly effective birth control for up to 3 months. Widely available, offer discrete, convenient, reversible, and noncoital-dependent method of birth control, Sterilization - Permanent, safe, and highly effective method of contraception for those who are certain they DO NOT want, or do not want any more children. Vasectomy is the only highly reliable form of male contraceptive, Abortion - Expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it is viable, Surgical Abortion - Vacuum Aspiration or Dilation and Evacuation, Medical Abortion - Administration of Medication either vaginally or orally, Abstinence  - Not having intercourse,

Specific Contraceptive Types

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