L1 interference - when the learner's mother tongue affects their performance in another language , fossilisation - the process by which a repeated error becomes a habit which cannot easily be corrected, developmental error - an error made by a language learner which is a natural part of the learning process; children often do this when acquiring L1, overgeneralisation - when the learner applies a rule they have learned but in situations where it would be inappropriate, interlanguage - when learners create a language of their own to facilitate communication till their command of the language improves , false friends - when there is a word in L1 which looks/sounds similar but which actually has a different meaning,

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