Articles of Confederation - plan for a government that would operate with one branch of government called Congress, Constitution - document stating the rules under which a government will operate, Executive - a person who runs the government and see that the laws are carried out, Land Ordinance of 1787 - Congress passed this to determine how the new Northwest territory would be governed, Economic Depression - period when business activity slows, prices and wages drop, and unemployment rises , Shays' Rebellion - Rebellion of protesting farmers about foreclosures on their land. Highlighted the weakness of the Article of Confederation, Executive Branch - carries out the laws, made of the president, vice-president, and cabinet, Judicial Branch - interprets the laws, Legislative Branch - Makes the laws; Congress has two divisions, House of Representatives - Lower House of Congress; representation based on population of each state, Senate - Upper House of Congress; two representatives from each state, Federalists - Supporters of the Constitution that believed in a strong national government and did not feel a Bill of Rights was necessary, Anti-Federalists - Opposed the Constitution; believed the states should hold the most power and feared a strong national government, Ratify - to approve or confirm, Federalist Papers - a series of essays written to convince the people to support the new constitution, The Great Compromise - Compromise was between large and small states. State House of Representatives would be based off population and the Senate would be equal representation for all states, Federalism - a system where power is divided between the national and state governments, Republic - a form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws, 3/5's Compromise - State that enslaved people would count as 3/5's a free person for population count,

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