evolution, The gradual change in a species over time., scientific theory, A well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations., comparative anatomy, The comparison of the structures of different organisms., homologous structures, Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor (ie backbone, four limbs)., embryology, The study of fertilized eggs and their development., variation, Any difference between individuals of the same species., competition, Direct and indirect interactions for limited resources (ie: food, shelter)., habitat, The specific environment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce., genetic diversity, Differences in traits of organisms., geographic isolation, When some members of a species become cut off from the rest of the species., common ancestor, A shared relative and source of inherited traits., branching tree diagram (aka cladogram), An organized way to show the probable evolutionary relationships (common ancestors) among organisms., shared derived characteristic, Usually a homologous structure that is common to all organisms in a group., natural selection, The process by which the distribution of traits in a population changes over many generations..

Evolution Vocabulary

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