1) The term for the outermost layer of the internal structure of each kidney is the: a) renal cortex b) calyx c) nephron d) renal medulla 2) ______ is the term for the muscular tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder   a) ureter b) urethra c) nephron d) calyx 3) Painful or difficult urination is: a) dysuria b) nocturia c) anuria d) pyuria 4) What does the term anuria mean? a) excessive urination b) lack of urine c) pus in the urine d) painful urination 5) Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system? a) to maintain homeostasis in the body b) to absorb nutrients into the body c) to remove waste products from the blood d) to produce urine 6) The urinary system plays a critical role in which of the following? a) fighting infection b) absorbing nutrients c) removing waste d) transporting oxygen 7) Why is the urinary system also called the genitourinary system? a) because reproduction is a function of the urinary system b) because the urinary system plays a role in reproduction c) because the urinary and reproductive systems share some structures d) because the urinary system is different in males and females 8) What is the function of the adipose capsule of the kidney? a) filtration b) protection c) elimination d) attachment 9) What is the function of the renal pelvis? a) urine filtration b) urine removal c) urine formation d) urine collection 10) Where in the urinary system does the regulation of fluids and electrolytes occur? a) nephrons b) renal pelvis c) urethra d) bladder 11) Which is not the layer of the wall of the bladder? a) renal fascia b) perivesical fat c) muscular propria d) lamina propria 12) The contraction and relaxation of the urinary bladder is controlled by the _______ layer. a) lamina propria b) urothelium c) muscular propria d) perivesical fat 13) Cleaning the diaper area throughly and appropriately is important to prevent which problem for small children? a) urinary tract infection b) renal colic c) nocturnal enuresis d) cystolithiasis 14) An older adult who develops incontinence from loss of muscle tone in the ureters, urethra, and bladder has which of the following problems? a) bedwetting b) inability to voluntarily retain urine c) dehydration d) decreased bladder capacity 15) All of the following are part of the process of urine formation except: a) absorption b) filtration c) secretion d) reabsorption 16) During reabsorption, most of the ______ in the filtrate is reabsorbed and returned to the bloodstream a) ammonia b) waste products c) water d) sodium 17) In which stage of urine formation does the blood enter the nephron? a) reabsorption b) secretion c) both a and b d) filtration 18) During the _____ process, urine is eliminated from the body.  a) reabsorption b) filtration c) formation d) secretion  19) Urine is composed mostly of: a) ammonia b) sodium c) solid products d) water 20) Which of the following would not be considered a normal component of urine?  a) uric acid b) water c) glucose d) ammonia 21) The urine in a healthy adult would not be: a) slightly acidic b) cloudy c) clear d) straw colored 22) In urine, the ______ is measured by the specific gravity of the urine a) dissolved substances b) water c) protein d) blood 23) One of the most common signs and symptoms of cystitis is: a) enuresis b) proteinuria c) abdominal pressure d) urgency 24) The physician has prescribed Kegel exercises for a female patient. It is most likely that this patient has: a) cystitis b) pyelonephritis c) kidney stones d) incontinence 25) A patient who is prone to renal calculi would most likely avoid all of the following except: a) spinach b) coffee c) apples d) milk 26) The type of treatment required by a patient of acute renal failure is: a) corticosteroids b) dialysis c) antibiotics d) lithotripsy

Urinary System Practice Quiz

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