Frequency of alleles - Number of various alleles for a given gene in a population at a given time., Genetic drift - Fluctuations in the allele frequency in a gene pool of a population from one generation to the next due to chance events., Speciation - Emergence of a new species when gene flow has stopped between populations due to reproductive isolation., Geographically isolated populations - Populations separated by land forms, can lead to reproductive isolation over time., Allopatric speciation - Speciation evolving from geographical isolation., Sympatric speciation - Speciation evolving from genetic variation, natural selection or sexual selection (population is NOT geographically isolated), Convergent evolution - Species evolve with similar (analogous) structures without having shared a common ancestor in response to similar selection pressures., Niche - The unique role or position of a species in a community., Succession - The process of changes to the structure of a community over time, Divergent evolution - The process of developing two or more species from a common ancestor over time in response to geographic isolation and experience different selection pressures that leads to reproductive isolation from restricted gene flow., Adaptive radiation - An example of divergent evolution. An ancestral population experiences multiple speciation events in a relatively short period of time in response to a range of new ecological niches becoming available., Genetic diversity - The range of alleles (variation) in a population., Extinction - Numbers of individuals in a population becoming too low to maintain species survival., Biodiversity - Range of living organisms in a community, Ethical issue - Moral concerns,

Evolution Unit Part 2

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