Frequency of alleles, Number of various alleles for a given gene in a population at a given time., Genetic drift, Fluctuations in the allele frequency in a gene pool of a population from one generation to the next due to chance events., Speciation, Emergence of a new species when gene flow has stopped between populations due to reproductive isolation., Geographically isolated populations, Populations separated by land forms, can lead to reproductive isolation over time., Allopatric speciation, Speciation evolving from geographical isolation., Sympatric speciation, Speciation evolving from genetic variation, natural selection or sexual selection (population is NOT geographically isolated), Convergent evolution, Species evolve with similar (analogous) structures without having shared a common ancestor in response to similar selection pressures., Niche, The unique role or position of a species in a community., Succession, The process of changes to the structure of a community over time, Divergent evolution, The process of developing two or more species from a common ancestor over time in response to geographic isolation and experience different selection pressures that leads to reproductive isolation from restricted gene flow., Adaptive radiation, An example of divergent evolution. An ancestral population experiences multiple speciation events in a relatively short period of time in response to a range of new ecological niches becoming available., Genetic diversity, The range of alleles (variation) in a population., Extinction, Numbers of individuals in a population becoming too low to maintain species survival., Biodiversity, Range of living organisms in a community, Ethical issue, Moral concerns.

Evolution Unit Part 2

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