Structured Literacy - An approach grounded in scientific research for acquiring all literacy skills emphasizing direct, explicit, sequenced, systematic, cumulative, and intensive lessons, while incorporating multisensory instructional strategies., Vocabulary - A large store of words that a person recognizes and/or uses in his or her oral and written language., Phoneme - The smallest unit of speech that makes one word distinguishable from another in a phonetic language such as English., Phonemic Awareness - Awareness of the smallest units of sound in the speech stream and the ability to isolate or manipulate the individual sounds in words. One aspect of the larger category of phonological awareness., Comprehension - Making sense of what is read., Grapheme(s) - A written letter or letter cluster representing a single speech sound., Multisensory strategies - The use of direct instructional strategies involving visual, auditory, and tactile-kinesthetic sensory systems to learn., Orthography - The writing system of a language. Correct or standardized spelling according to established usage., Morphology - The internal structure of the meaningful units within words and the relationships among words in a language. The study of word formation patterns., Fluency - The ability to read a text accurately and quickly, recognize words, and gain meaning from text., Phonics - Paired association between letters and sounds; an approach to teaching of reading and spelling that emphasizes sound-symbol relationships, especially in early instruction., Sequencing - The orderly presentation of linguistic concepts based on frequency and ease of learning in a continuous series., Syntax - The system by which words may be ordered in phrases, clauses, and sentences; sentence structure; grammar., Explicit instruction - Teaching a specific skill step by step, also known as direct instruction., Balanced Literacy - Definition is difficult to pin down as it plays out differently from school to school and classroom to classroom. This term was coined by Michael Presley as a middle ground between phonics based and whole language based instruction., Whole Language Literacy - A method of teaching reading and writing that emphasizes learning whole words and phrases by encountering them in meaningful contexts rather than by phonics exercises,

Literacy Key Terms

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