Erythrocytes or red blood cells - Function: To transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and organs and to carry carbon dioxide, a waste product, back to the lungs for exhalation. Structure: Disc-shaped and lack a nucleus., Leukocytes or white blood cells - Crucial part of the immune system, defending the body against infections and foreign invaders. There are several types: neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils., Trombocytes or platelets - Essential for blood clotting and wound healing. Small, disc-shaped cell fragments without nucleus., Production of blood cells - Bood cells are produced in the bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis, which is regulated by growth factors and hormones., Life cycle of Erythrocytes - 120 days. Old or damaged red blood cells are broken down in the spleen and liver., Life cycle of Leukocytes - From a few hours to several years, depending on the type of cell., Life cycle of Thrombocytes - 8-10 days , Blood - Connective tissue consisting of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes and trombocytes. It circulates through the cardiovascular system, transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body. Blood is also important in immune responses, temperature regulation, and maintenance of homeostasis within the body., Plasma - Liquid component of blood that is the largest portion of its volume. 90% water. Yellowish. Serves as a medium for the transportation of blood cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body., Functions of plasma - Transportation, regulation of osmotic pressure, immune response, blood clotting., Homeostasis - Ability to regulate the internal environment and maintain a relatively constant and stable condition., Blood vessels - Responsible for transporting blood throughout the body. The main types are: arteries, veins and capillaries., Arteries - They carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to various parts of the body or deoxygenated to the lungs. They have thick and elastic walls. The largest artery is aorta., Veins - They carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body's tissues and organs, or oxygenated from the lungs. They have thinner walls than arteries and are equipped with valves to prevent the backward flow of blood. The largest vein is the vena cava., Capillaries - Tiny, thin-walled vessels that facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. They connect arteries and veins, forming a network throughout the body., Blood pressure - It is the force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps it throughout the body. Two values: systolic pressure and diastolic pressure., Blood types - Blood type are classified bases on the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The ABO system (A, B, AB, O) and the Rh factor (+, -) are the main components used to determine blood types., Blood donation - Voluntary and altruistic act where individuals donate a portion of their blood to be used for medical purposes, such as transfusions, surgeries, and treating medical conditions., Heart - Muscular organ located in the chest that functions as the central pumping organ of the circulatory system in most animals, including humans., Blood circulation - There are 2 main circulations: systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation., Systemic circulation - It carries oxygenated blood to the body, supplying nutrients and oxygen to cells, and removes metabolic waste., Pulmonary circulation - The heart pumps blood to the lungs, where it takes place the exchange of gases, oxygenating the blood and removing carbon dioxide., Hemoglobin - Protein found in erythrocytes that transport oxygen., Granulocytes - Type of leukocytes that have granules., Types of leukocytes - The main types are: Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, Cardiac cycle - Sequence of events that occurs during one complete heartbeat. It involves de contraction (systole) and the relaxation (diastole) of the heart's chambers.,

Blood

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