Input - It refers to the processible language the learners are exposed to while listening or reading., Output - It is the language they produce, either in speaking or writing, Top-down processing - the reader or listener gest a general view of the reading or listening passage , Bottom-up processing - the reader or listener focuses on individual words,phrases or cohesive devices., Schema - Pre-existent knowledge of the world, Receptive skills - reading and listening skills, Porductive skills - speaking and writing skills,

Teaching language skills

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