Heterozygous - two copies of a gene that have different alleles. , Homozygous - two copies of a gene that have the same alleles., purebred - an organism that, over many generations, always produces the same offspring with traits that match the parent. ALSO- TT allele combination , hybrid - An organism tha thas one dominant factor and one recessive factor, allele - different forms of a gene that can result in different traits, genotype - The 2 alleles that control the traits of the organism: the genetic combination of alleles, phenotype - The physical traits that are seen, heredity - The passing of traits from parents to offspring, dominant - a genetic factor whose trait always shows up when the factor is present, recessive - a genetic factor that is hidden whenever the dominant factor is present- the trait only shows when there are 2 recessive alleles, meiosis - a process that produces 4 unique sex cells, sexual - type of production in which a new organism is produced by the joinging of sex cells from 2 parents. Offspring is unique from its parents and other organisms, asexual - a type of reproduction in which a new organism is produced from a single parent. Offpsring is IDENTICAL to the parent, sex cells - cells used for reproduction- sperm and egg (ovum), Karyotype Chart - a chart that shows a complete set of chromosomes for an organism, Punnett Square - A tool used by geneticists to predict the outcome of offspring, trait - physical feature and function, genetics - The study of heredity, Gregor Mendel - "The Father of Genetics"- scientist, mathematician, and gardener, Body Cells - most cells in your body. Examples skin cells, bone cells, How many chromosome are in HUMAN BODY CELLS? - 23 pairs OR 46 chromosomes (full set), How many chromosome are in HUMAN SEX CELLS? - 1 copy of each OR 23 chromosomes (half set), How mant chromosomes are in a human sperm cell? - 23 chromosomes (half set), fertilization - When a sperm cell and an egg cell join, zygote - human sperm and egg join to make this, single- celled, Mitosis - a zygote becomes a multi-cellular organism by this process, How are body cells made? - mitosis, How are sex cells made? - meiosis, How do you write/represent a dominant allele?  - capital letter, How do you write/represent a recessive allele? - lower case letter, What is an example of a homozygous allele combination? - RR or rr, What is an example of a heterozygous allele combination? - Rr,

Mendel, Reproduction, Inheritance

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