Two objects (or two regions within one system) are in 😁 if there is no (net) exchange of heat between them. - thermal equilibrium, A 😊 is an attempt to quantify the physiological phenomenon of hotness. [Units: kelvins or degrees Celsius, centigrade or Fahrenheit]. - temperature scale, The ❤ does not depend on the physical properties of any substance and has its zero at the point where all substances have minimum internal energy. Since 2019, its units are defined in terms of the Boltzmann constant, k (q.v.). - absolute (or thermodynamic or Kelvin) scale, The 🤣 scale is derived from the absolute (Kelvin) scale by subtracting 273(.15) degrees. - Celsius, 😢is the random motion of microscopically-visible particles under the action of invisible particles. - Brownian motion, The 😁 is the sum of the random distribution of the kinetic and potential energies associated with the particles (atoms / molecules) of the system. [Units: joules]. - internal energy of a system, The 🤞 (e.g. a gas in a container) is a complete description of it in terms of its macroscopic variables (temperature, pressure, volume, etc.). - state of a system, The 😍 of a material is the heat energy required per kilogram per unit temperature rise. [Units: joules per kilogram per kelvin, J kg-1 K-1]. - specific heat capacity (SHC), c,, The 💋 of a material is the heat energy required per kilogram to change the state of the material from solid to liquid [or from liquid to vapour / gas] without change in temperature. [Units: J kg-1] - specific latent heat (SLH) of fusion[or of vaporisation], l , One mole of substance contains 6.02 × 1023 particles. This is👏   - Avogadro’s number / constant, The ✌ of a quantity is the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the values of the quantity over a number of particles or measurements. - root mean square value, The 👍 now has a value that is fixed by definition; it relates the mean kinetic energy of atoms of an ideal gas to the thermodynamic temperature of the gas, and also relates the entropy of a system to the microstates of the system – this is beyond our scope! - Boltzmann constant, k,, The 🙌 is now defined by the relation R=N_A k, where N_A = Avogadro’s number and k = the Boltzmann constant (q.v.) [Units: joules per kelvin per mole]. - molar gas constant, R,, The ✔ is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of length equal to the radius of the circle. - radian, 😃is the angle turned through by a spinning object or the angle moved through by the (imaginary) line connecting an orbiting object and the centre of its orbit. [Measured in degrees or, better, in radians]. - Angular displacement, 🎉is the angle swept out per unit time by a particle moving in a circular path. [Units: rad s-1] - Angular velocity, ω,, A particle executes🐱‍🐉 about a point if its acceleration is directly proportional to its displacement from that point and is always directed towards that point. - Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), A particle completes one😜 when it returns to its starting point going in the same direction as when it first left that point. - oscillation,

Physics Module 5 part 1

Print
Embed

Leaderboard

Visual style

Options

Switch template

Continue editing: ?