city-state - a city that acts like its own country having its own king, military, laws, god it worshiped; it consisted of the walled city and the farmland around it, monotheism - belief in ONE god, polytheism - belief in MANY gods, ziggurat - the tallest structure in the city-state for worshiping the city’s god, cuneiform - wedge-shaped writing on clay; the first writing system in the world, Sargon - leader who created the world’s first empire, scribe - anyone who can read and write, empire - forcibly conquering land and putting them under your control, Hanging Gardens of Babylon - one of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World; built for the king for his homesick wife; it had gardens hanging down from a palace, surplus - growing more than is needed; an extra amount, fertile - any area with soil perfect for growing crops, epic - an extremely long and adventurous story usually involving great heroes, tribute - something a city-state is forced to pay to the people who conquer it in order to survive, irrigation - using canals and ditches to supply water to land for farming, silt - rich soil that covers the land after yearly flooding, infantry - soldiers who fight on foot, calvary - soldiers who fight on horseback, barter - the exchange of goods without using money, caravan - people traveling distances together with items to sell or trade ( camels often used in desert locations), debtor - someone who owes a great deal of money, merchant - a person who sells goods to others; often owns their own store, artisan - someone who makes things such as pottery, clothing, tools, weapons, iron - material that gave the Assyrians an advantage over its enemies, psychological warfare - torturing of others to scare the inhabitants of a city into opening their gates and surrendering out of fear they may face similar pain,

Mesopotamia

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