What do enzymes do to chemical reactions? - Speed them up, Why are enzymes called 'biological catalysts' - They speed up chemical reactions in living things, What are enzymes made of? - Protein, Are enzymes changed or unchanged by every reaction? - Unchanged., What is the part of the enzyme the substrate binds to called? - The active site., Why is every enzyme specific to one substrate? - As the active site of the enzyme is complementary in shape to one substrate molecule only., Describe the chemical reaction catalysed by the enzyme catalase? - The breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (substrate) into water and oxygen (products), Describe the chemical reaction catalysed by the enzyme amylase? - The breakdown of starch (substrate) into maltose (products), Name the 2 types of enzyme reaction? - Degradation and synthesis, What is a degradation reaction? - A reaction in which a larger substrate is broken down into smaller products., What is a synthesis reaction? - A reaction in which smaller substrates are built up into a larger product., What do we call the molecules produced after an enzyme reaction? - Products, What name is given to the conditions at which an enzyme works best? - Optimum conditions, Name 2 factors that can affect enzyme activity? - High temperatures and extremes of pH, Describe how enzyme activity changes with increasing temperature? - Increasing temperature increases enzyme activity up to its optimum. Further increases in temperature past the optimum cause a decrease in enzyme activity., Give 3 examples of proteins in the body? - Enzymes, hormones and antibodies (also receptors and structural proteins).,

Enzymes

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