Enzymes are used to isolate (cut out) the required gene from a chromosome, This gene is inserted into a vector. The vector is usually a bacterial plasmid  (a piece of circular DNA found inside bacterial cells) or a virus., The vector is used to insert the gene into the required cells of the target organism (animals, plants or microorganisms) at an early stage in their development so that they develop with desired characteristics..

Genetic engineering (AQA)

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