Socialists - A middle ground between capitalism and communism, more fixated on communism, is an economic idea that wealth should be more evenly distributed and the impoverished should be more strictly assisted by the gov., Greenback Labor Party - Were against the idea of monopolies, wanted to regulate the railroad systems and wanted to get rid of government corruption, Populists - focused on farmers, these farmers wanted to give themselves economic strength., Progressives - wage war against many evils - monopoly, corruption, inefficiency and social injustice, enhance democracy “use the government as an agency of human welfare”, Social gospel - some sort of socialist communist idea formed by Protestant Americans speaking on the importance of community and “what Jesus would do”., Muckrakers - Muckrakers used journalism to expose corruption and poverty caused by the current American economy and political system., initiative - Progressives wanted to be able to propose direct legislation themselves to lessen the corruption of the government in this sense., referendums - Put people to be the final decision of certain laws, put more direct power into the people., recall - Would allow voters to remove “faithless” officials from office, particularly those who had been bribed., Australian Ballot - Secret ballot, 17th amendment - Allowed voters to cast direct votes for senators., 19th Amendment - Through extensive amounts of women contributing to groups such as the WCTU (womens Christian Temperance Union) NAWSA and American Womens suffrage association) NWP the White House, women finally gained suffrage in 1920, Reforms in the Cities and States - The progressive movement expanded greatly, reaching many states and specifically had become popular in the cities. We find reformers of the time making moves towards the individual powers of citizens and reducing the amount of corruption that corporations could inflict in the government., Muller v. Oregon - Protection of the women workers of a factory adding constitutional laws towards woman laborers by the evidence of the “harmful effects of factory labor on women’s weaker bodies”. Movements including this case were more fixated on the rights of women and children, rather than the rights of everyone., Lochner v. New York - New York made case against Lochner that he had illegally made bakers from his company work over 60 hours in a week, but the court eventually did not give punishment to Lochner, deciding that an increase of time at labor did not have a substantial effect on health - leading to a laissez fair interperation of the labor restrictions - workers make contract therefore can’t be stopped by federal government, Workingmen's compensation Act - Gave workers compensation if they were injured on the job. Compensation could include replacing the wages they lost while injured and/or covering the medical bill., Adamson Act - Created the 8 hour work day and 40 hour work week and would promise bonus pay for anyone who worked over that amount of time, Square deal for labor Anthracite coal strike - Ran by TR, the big matters of the event were control of the corporations, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources. A big revolt amongst many coal miners of Pennsylvania had occurred demanding an increase in wages. The mine owners did not even try to negotiate. The strike caused there to be a major coal shortage in the nation, eventually making TR involved., Elkins Act - Restricted railroads from giving back money to customers that had shipped large amounts of products with the railroad. It stopped businesses from trying to lower the fee it costed to use the railroads., Hepburn Act - Gave the government the power to regulate railroad fees and shipping costs., Underwood Tariff - Lowered national tariff increasing amount of international trade, benefiting importers of America., Federal Reserve Act - Created the Federal Reserve for America, regulating monetary policy. The federal reserve would become and still is the central bank of America., Federal Trade Commision - The Federal Trade Commision was made to regulate monopolies, get rid of unfair competition, and prevent bad business practices., Clayton Antitrust Act - Made by Wilson, it prevented the use of unfair competition between businesses. Legalized strikes and peaceful picketing., Holding companies - Owns interest in other companies and ultimately controls other companies., Interstate Commerce Commission - The government would oversee and regulate the use of railroad systems on a national level., Sherman Antitrust Act - Encouraged competition between smaller businesses and workers, but prevented many workers from getting better working conditions., 16th Amendment - The federal government was allowed to collect tax from all and every pay check from the nation., Meat Inspection Act - The government would inspect the preparation of meat that would travel over state lines., Pure Food and Drug Act - Designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals.,

Progressive era

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