Magnetism - the force exerted by magnets when they attract or repel each other. It is caused by the motion of electric charges., Electricity - the force that occurs when tiny particles called electrons move through a conductor, like a wire, from one point to another., Gravity - the force that pulls any two objects towards each other, with the strength of the pull depending on the mass of the objects and the distance between them., Static - a build-up of electric charge on an object that remains stationary, meaning it doesn't move., Force - a push or pull on an object., Conductor - a material that allows electricity to flow through it easily, meaning it readily permits the movement of electrical charges (electrons) from one atom to another when a voltage is applied., Electric Charges - a physical property of particles or objects that causes them to attract or repel each other without touching., Electromagnetism - the force that occurs between charged particles due to their electric and magnetic fields, (moving electric charges create magnetic fields, and changing magnetic fields can generate electricity)., Electrons - a tiny, negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom, Friction - a force that opposes the motion of an object when it is in contact with another surface, Generator - a device that converts mechanical energy (like motion) into electrical energy, usually by using a process called electromagnetic induction, where a spinning coil of wire within a magnetic field creates an electric current., Induction - process of generating electrical current in a conductor by placing the conductor in a changing magnetic field., Insulator - a material that does not allow electricity to flow through it easily, meaning it resists the movement of electric charges., Chemical Energy - the potential energy stored within the bonds between atoms and molecules in a substance, which is released when a chemical reaction occurs., Convection - the process of heat transfer within a liquid or gas where warmer, less dense particles rise, while cooler, denser particles sink, creating a circular movement of the fluid., Conduction - the transfer of heat energy from one object to another through direct contact., Gravitational Energy - the stored energy an object has due to its position above the Earth's surface, essentially meaning the potential energy an object possesses because of its height, which can be converted into kinetic energy when it falls down., Mechanical Energy - the total energy an object possesses due to its motion (kinetic energy) and its position (potential energy), essentially meaning it's the energy associated with an object's movement and location combined., Medium - a substance or material through which waves can travel, like air, water, or solid objects, essentially acting as the carrier that transmits energy from one place to another., Positive Charge - an object has more protons than electrons, essentially, when an object loses electrons, it becomes positively charged., Negative Charge - an object has more electrons than protons, essentially, when an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged.,

Non-Contact Forces

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