Frameshift - Insertion: A nitrogen base is added to the strands, , Phenotype (trait) changes because of extra base, Frameshift - Deletion: A nitrogen base is removed from the strands, , Phenotype (trait) changes because of one less base, Substitution - Point mutation: Only one nitrogen base changes; but the protein made is different, , Phenotype (trait) changes, Substitution - Silent mutation: Only one base changes; but the protein DOES not change, , Phenotype (trait) does not change,

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