____ is the process of ____ traits from one ____ to the next. This happens through inheritance, which ____ genes and DNA from ____ to offspring. Inside the nucleus, long ____ of coiled ____ contain genes that code for ____, which determine ____, or physical characteristics. DNA has a ____ helix shape, like a ____ ladder. Its ____ are made of four ____: A, T, C, and G. According to the base pairing ____, C pairs with ____, and ____ pairs with T. Humans have ____ chromosomes, or ____ pairs. Different versions of a gene are called ____, and we inherit one from each ____. A ____ is an image of an organism’s chromosomes. The chromosomes that determine ____ sex are sex chromosomes. Typically, females have ____ chromosomes, while ____ have ____ chromosomes. A ____ square can ____ how traits are inherited. Some traits are ____, meaning only ____ allele is needed to show the trait, while recessive traits require two ____. An organism’s genetic makeup is its ____, while its physical ____ is its ____. Genotypes are represented by ____. Each letter is an ____. The prefix ____ means different, and the prefix ____ means same. A ____ genotype has 2 ____ alleles, so one dominant and one recessive. A homozygous genotype has 2 of the ____ alleles. Homozygous genotypes can either be ____ dominant (BB, HH, RR) or homozygous ____ (ff, cc, tt).

Genetics Review

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