1) Which of the following is a macronutrient? a) Boron b) Iron c) Phosphorous d) Zinc 2) What symptom is associated with nitrogen deficiency? a) Chlorosis of leaves (yellowing) b) Discoloured purple leaves c) Lodging 3) Which nutrient deficiency causes 'swayback' in sheep? a) Copper b) Magnesium c) Zinc d) Calcium 4) What pH range is optimal for nutrient availability? a) A. 3–4 b) B. 5–6 c) C. 6–7 d) D. 7–8 5) What tool is used to collect soil samples? a) Hoe b) Soil auger c) Quadrat d) Refractometer 6) What is 'lodging' in cereal crops? a) A nutrient surplus b) A fungal infection c) Crops bending and lying flat d) Leaf yellowing 7) What is the cause of discoloured blue-purple leaves in plants? a) Nitrogen deficiency b) Phosphorus deficiency c) Iron deficiency 8) What Teagasc soil index indicates no fertiliser is required? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 9) Why is soil testing important? a) It helps determine fertiliser and lime requirements b) It determines pest control needs 10) Which of the following is NOT correct in relation to soil testing? a) Use a soil auger b) Take 20 samples in a W pattern c) Take 10 samples in X pattern d) Avoid gateways and trough 11) Straight (simple) fertiliser: a) contains only one of the essential elements. b) any fertiliser that contains two or more elements. 12) Compound fertiliser a) contains only one of the essential elements. b) any fertiliser that contains two or more elements. 13) Straight fertiliser (2 answers) a) CAN b) Urea c) 10-10-20 d) 18-6-12 14) Compound fertiliser (2 answers) a) CAN b) Urea c) 10-10-20 d) 18-6-12 15) 10-10-20, what does this mean? a) It contains 10% N, 10% P, 20% K. b) It contains 10% P, 10% K, 20% N 16) Which of the following is NOT TRUE in relation to handling, use and storage of fertilisers? a) Store bagged fertiliser at least 10 m away from waterways or drains b) Avoid storing near heat sources c) Do not store beside combustible materials d) Wear gloves and masks e) Store close to watercourses 17) Benefit of using organic manures (multiple answers) a) Reduces reliance on artificial fertilisers b) Adds organic matter to soil c) A cost-effective way to recycle waste on a farm d) Cheaper than chemical fertilisers 18) Toxic gases in slurry (multiple answers) a) Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) b) Ammonia (NH₃) c) Methane (CH₄) d) Carbon dioxide (CO₂). e) Oxygen (O2) 19) Precautions when agitating slurry (multiple answers) a) Keep livestock in slatted sheds b) Ensure nobody enters the building. c) Keep the shed well ventilated, with all doors open to provide a draught. d) Persons and livestock should not re-enter the shed for 30–60 minutes after agitation 20) Eutrophication a) the artificial enrichment of a habitat or environment with nutrients. b) the amount of dissolved oxygen required to break down organic material in a water sample.

Soil Management

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