How to increase biodiversity on Irish farms?: Plant native hedgerows to create field boundaries, place for birds to nest, pollen for bees and food for birds., Put up bird and bat boxes inside or outside farm buildings, Sow wild flowers, Create a wildlife pond, Leave buffer zones beside ditches and watercourses., Use multi-species swards (e.g. clover, chicory, plantain) to improve soil health and attract beneficial insects., Grow cover crops (kale) in winter to prevent soil erosion, Fence off rivers and streams to prevent livestock access., Practise minimum tillage, Slurry Spreading: LESS= Low Emission Slurry Spreading, Splash plate, Dribble bar (LESS), Trailing shoe (LESS), LESS reduces ammonia emissions by 60%, LESS reduces grass contamination, LESS - More Nitrogen efficiency, LESS- Quicker absorption→ cattle return to paddocks quicker, Multispecies Swards: Chicory, Plantain, Clover, Increase soil structure and organic matter, Nitrogen fixation by legumes, Higher protein content in legumes eg clover, Increases biodiversity, There is always a fresh supply of leafy grass with a high DMD value as heading dates vary., Deep-rooting species like chicory improve soil structure and bring up nutrients from deeper layers., Greater nutritional variety improves animal health and liveweight gain., Varied root systems improve soil structure, allowing better water absorption and reducing nutrient leaching.,

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