Evolution - The change in organisms over generations as a result of genomic variations., Natural selection - The non-random increase in the frequency of DNA sequences that increase survival and the non-random reduction in the frequency of deleterious sequences., Stabilising selection - An average phenotype is selected for and extremes of the phenotype range are selected against., Directional selection - One extreme of the phenotype range is selected for., Disruptive selection - Two or more phenotypes are selected for, Horizontal gene transfer - Genes are transferred between individuals in the same generation, Vertical gene transfer - Genes are transferred from parents to offspring as a result of sexual or asexual reproduction, Speciation - The generation of a new biological species as a result of isolation, mutation and selection., Species - A group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring, which does not normally breed with other groups., Isolation barrier - A barrier that prevents gene flow between sub-populations during speciation., Geographical isolation barrier - A barrier such as a mountain or river that physically prevents gene flow between sub-populations, Behavioural isolation barrier - A change in behaviour in members of a sub-population that prevents gene flow between sub-populations, Allopatric Speciation - Speciation that occurs when a geographical isolation barrier is in place., Sympatric speciation - Speciation that occurs when an ecological or behavioural isolation barrier is in place., Ecological isolation barrier - Differences in the habitats of sub-populations that prevents gene flow between sub-populations.,

Higher 1.7 Evolution Key Terms

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