Ocean Basin, A large depression in the Earth's crust, filled with seawater, with continents on either side, Mixed Layer, Upper layer (0 - 200m) of the ocean that is warmer and less dense, Deep Layer, Bottom layer (below 200m) of the ocean that is cold, dark, and more dense, Euphotic Zone, Vertical zone in the water that light can penerate to without being completely absorbed, Aphotic Zone, Vertical zone in the ocean where light is completely absorbed and it is dark, Latitude, A measure of how far North or South a location is in relation to the equator, Equator, Zero degrees latitude receives direct sunlight all year round, Mid Latitudes, 40 degrees latitude receives varying amounts of sunlight in summer vs winter, Poles, 90 degrees latitude receives sunlight for only 6 months every year during summer, Angle of Insolation, Incoming angle of sunlight - this varies by latitude and season, 90 degree insolation, Direct sunlight that hits the equator, 45 degree insolation, Less direct sunlight that hits mid latitudes, 10 degree insolation, Very indirect sunlight that hits poles only during summer, Axial Tilt, Earth is on a 23 degree tilted axis this creates seasons, Evaporation, Process that increases salinity by removing water from the ocean as it heats up, Precipitation, Process that decreases salinity of the ocean by adding more fresh water to it via rain, Brine Exclusion, Process that increases salinity of the ocean when sea ice forms only fresh water freezes leaving behind salt, Salinity, Measure of how much salt is in the ocean (g/L)

13ESS Ocean Composition

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