Ocean Basin - A large depression in the Earth's crust, filled with seawater, with continents on either side, Mixed Layer - Upper layer (0 - 200m) of the ocean that is warmer and less dense, Deep Layer - Bottom layer (below 200m) of the ocean that is cold, dark, and more dense, Euphotic Zone - Vertical zone in the water that light can penerate to without being completely absorbed, Aphotic Zone - Vertical zone in the ocean where light is completely absorbed and it is dark, Latitude - A measure of how far North or South a location is in relation to the equator, Equator - Zero degrees latitude receives direct sunlight all year round, Mid Latitudes - 40 degrees latitude receives varying amounts of sunlight in summer vs winter, Poles - 90 degrees latitude receives sunlight for only 6 months every year during summer, Angle of Insolation - Incoming angle of sunlight - this varies by latitude and season, 90 degree insolation - Direct sunlight that hits the equator , 45 degree insolation - Less direct sunlight that hits mid latitudes, 10 degree insolation - Very indirect sunlight that hits poles only during summer, Axial Tilt - Earth is on a 23 degree tilted axis this creates seasons, Evaporation - Process that increases salinity by removing water from the ocean as it heats up, Precipitation - Process that decreases salinity of the ocean by adding more fresh water to it via rain, Brine Exclusion - Process that increases salinity of the ocean when sea ice forms only fresh water freezes leaving behind salt, Salinity - Measure of how much salt is in the ocean (g/L),

13ESS Ocean Composition

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